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FlipQ Android Mobile App
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Welcome to free world of flip questions., FlipQ is an innovative product created by experts which helps students to learn.
Its helps you to practice and do self assessment of science and mathematics questions any time any where, on your android mobile device
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Solve This
Q#429 - Can you solve this question?Comment right answer.
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These bird migration facts might surprise you.
Bird's Migration
Every birder is familiar with migration as a great time to see new and
unusual bird species passing through areas where they might not be found during
the breeding or wintering seasons, but how much do you really know about
migration?
These bird migration facts might surprise you!
The word migration comes from the Latin migratus that means “to change”
and refers to how birds change their geographic locations seasonally.
Migration peaks in spring and fall, but in reality, there are birds
migrating 365 days a year. The actual dates of when birds migrate depends on
many factors, including bird species, migration distance, travel speed, route,
climate and more.
Before migrating, many birds enter a state of hyperphagia, where
hormone levels compel them to drastically increase their body weight to store
fat to use as energy while traveling. Some bird species may as much as double
their body weight in the weeks leading up to migration.
The time it takes a single bird to complete its one way migration can
range from a few weeks to up to four months, depending on the total distance,
flight speed, route and stopovers. Birds migrating late in the season typically
travel faster than earlier migrants of the same species.
Hawks, swifts, swallows and waterfowl migrate primarily during the day,
while many songbirds migrate at night, in part to avoid the attention of
migrating predators such as raptors. The cooler, calmer air at night also makes
migration more efficient for many species, while those that migrate during the
day most often take advantage of solar-heated thermal currents for easy
soaring.
Migrating birds use the stars for navigation, as well as the sun, wind
patterns and landforms, all of which help guide them to the same locations each
year. The earth's magnetic field also plays a part in how birds migrate.
Birds may fly from 15-600 miles or more per day during migration,
depending on when they are migrating, how far they have to go and the
conditions they face along the route, including the availability of suitable
stopovers.
Transoceanic migrants – birds who follow a migration route that crosses
an ocean – may spend up to 100 hours or more in the air at a single time until
they come to land.
Many migratory birds have longer, more pointed wings than nonmigratory
species or birds with shorter migrations. This wing structure is more
aerodynamic with less air resistance and allows for more efficient, easier
flight.
Migrating birds travel at speeds ranging from 15-50 miles per hour
depending on the species, flight pattern and prevailing winds that can increase
or decrease speed.
While most migrating birds fly at heights lower than 2,000 feet, birds
have been recorded migrating at up to 29,000 feet high. The height of a bird's
migration flight depends on wind patterns and landforms that may create
obstacles, such as mountain ranges.
The ruby-throated hummingbird migrates from the Yucatan peninsula of
Mexico to the southeastern United States every spring, a journey of 500-600
miles over the Caribbean Sea that takes 24 hours without a break.
The rufous hummingbird has the longest migration of any hummingbird
species: a one-way trip of 3,000 miles between its breeding grounds in Alaska
and its winter range in Mexico. In spring, rufous hummingbirds travel north up
the Pacific coast, while in autumn they travel south through more mountainous
regions.
The Arctic tern has the longest recorded migration of any bird on the planet;
banded Arctic terns have confirmed a round-trip migration of roughly 22,000
miles.
Migrating birds face many threats along their journeys, including
window collisions, confusing lights that disrupt navigation, hunting, habitat
loss and predation. Juvenile birds are at greater risk because of their
inexperience with migration – yet somehow, birds successfully migrate every
year.
(Source: http://birding.about.com)
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FlipQ Flash Cards FREE Download
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Welcome to free world of flip questions.
FlipQ is an innovative product created by experts which helps students to learn some facts. On one side of the flashcard a question or terminology or a statement is written and on other side the remedy is given. This flashcard study tool helps the students to memorize a terminology, understand a concept or test his knowledge topic wise in a subject.
FlipQ is powered by TaaRay.com which is a global free learning and networking website for students, educators and institutes.
All FlipQ(Flip Questions) are general understanding memorizing type . This will help the student to understand the concept or self assess for understanding only.
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How Do Dolphins Sleep?
Dolphins, like humans,
are mammals. They are warm-blooded, bear live young, breathe air, and they
require sleep. However, for dolphins, sleeping and breathing at the same time
can pose a bit of a problem. Humans are able to breathe during sleep as they
live on land and can perform the task unconsciously. However, dolphins are
aquatic mammals; they must actively make the decision to breathe and come up to
the surface for air. Fortunately, as Bob Holmes notes in his May 1, 2009
article "'Brain-juggling' lets dolphins avoid sleep deprivation"
published in NewScientist, nature has come up with a remarkable solution to the
problem so that dolphins sleep without drowning.
How Do Dolphins Sleep?
The February 2, 1998
Scientific American article "How do whales and dolphins sleep without
drowning" describes this interesting process of dolphin sleeping. Dolphins
are able to send one half of their brain to sleep at a time so that they are
never completely unconscious.The other half of the brain monitors what’s going
on, ensuring that the animal stays out of danger and continues to breathe.
Which half sleeps switches from nap to nap. Dolphins often swim with dolphins
in groups called pods. During sleep they keep at least one eye open, allowing
them to stay in contact with the others in the pod and coordinate their
movements. Although they could likely sleep anywhere, usually dolphins sleep
near the surface so that they can come up for air easily. These creatures can
often be seen swimming slowly near the surface with little movement. This
action is called “logging” and these dolphins are at rest.
Do Dolphins Have
Dreams?
Perhaps dolphins dream
about their day, eating, chatting with other dolphins, a round-the-world swim
with dolphins in pods. The truth is nobody knows for sure. However, Margaret
Klinowska does note in her September 26, 1994 essay “Brains, Behaviour and
Intelligence in Cetaceans” published in the second edition of 11 Essays on
Whales and Man, that dolphins are one of the few mammals that do not have REM
sleep. Humans sleep during the REM stage of the sleep cycle. One could deduce
that if dolphins don’t have a REM stage, then they can’t have dreams. However,
some scientists dispute this claim and say dolphins merely have very low levels
of REM sleep. It’s also possible that dolphins sleep and dream differently from
humans. Studies done on captive belugas and grey whales show that these aquatic
mammals sometimes have muscular spasms during their brief REM stage, which
could be associated with dreaming.
How Do Scientists Know
Dolphins Sleep?
Scientists don’t just
swim with dolphins and watch them for hours, although observation is an
important component of their studies. The 1998 Scientific American article
describes how scientists use electroencephalography – hooking up electrodes to
captive dolphins’ heads and measuring the electricity levels in their brains.
The resulting data is an electroencephalogram or EEG. The EEG shows that during
sleep, half of the dolphin’s brain is active while the other half shuts down.
Studies show that dolphins sleep about eight hours a day.
Dolphins have captured
the hearts of many people. However, many species are endangered due to fishing
practices and human caused environmental changes. Hopefully, actions can still
be taken to save this wonderful species. They should be able to live in their
natural environments peacefully whether asleep or awake.
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CHEETAH World Fasters Mammal
CHEETAH
Order: Carnivora
Family: Felidae
Genus and Species: Acinonyx jubatus
THE WORLD'S FASTEST LAND MAMMAL IS VULNERABLE TO EXTINCTION THROUGHOUT
ITS RANGE
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Built more like greyhounds than typical cats, cheetahs are adapted for
brief but intense bursts of speed. They have wiry bodies and small heads. Their
coats are golden or yellowish, embellished with many small black spots, and
their tails are long with a few black bands and sometimes a white tip. Black
stripes run from their eyes down to the corners of their mouths.
SIZE
Cheetahs grow to between three and a half and four and a half feet
long, not including their 30-inch tails. They weigh between 75 and 145 pounds
and stand two to three feet tall at the shoulder. Males tend to be a bit more
robust and weigh about ten pounds more than females.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
Cheetahs live in small, isolated populations mostly in sub-Saharan
Africa. They are very rare in southern Algeria and northern Niger, and range
from Senegal east to Somalia and south to northern South Africa. A few have
been reported from Iran. However, many of their strongholds are in eastern and
southern African parks.
STATUS
The cheetah is listed as vulnerable on the World Conservation Union's
(IUCN's) Red List of Threatened Animals.
HABITAT
Savannas, both open and more densely vegetated, give cheetahs the open
areas they need for quick stalks and chases. They are not found in forest areas
or wetlands.
NATURAL DIET
Cheetahs eat primarily hoofed mammals weighing less than 90 pounds,
including gazelles and young wildebeest. They will also eat smaller game such
as hares, warthogs, and birds.
NATIONAL ZOO DIET
The Zoo's cheetahs eat ground horse meat and sometimes beef, rabbits,
and chicks.
REPRODUCTION
Cheetahs can breed at any time of year but tend to copulate in the dry
season, with cubs being born at the onset of the wet season. Females reach
breeding age by 21 or 22 months of age. Males live in small permanent groups
called coalitions, which are usually made up of brothers. Males are drawn to
females in heat, but only one male in a coalition usually mates with the
selected female. On average, three cubs are born about three months after mating
takes place. Until five or six weeks old, the cubs remain hidden; if she needs
to move, the mother carries them from place to place. After five or six weeks,
cubs follow their mothers and share her kills. Cheetah cubs wean at about three
months old.
LIFE SPAN
In zoos, cheetahs may live up to 17 years; in the wild, they may live
eight to ten years.
BEHAVIOR
Female cheetahs live alone, except when raising cubs. They rarely
associate with other cheetahs, except when ready to mate. Males live in small
permanent groups called coalitions, which are usually made up of two to four
brothers. To avoid lions and leopards, cheetahs usually hunt in the middle of
the day. Cheetahs stalk their prey, approaching to within about 50 feet before
dashing out from cover and sprinting at the targeted animals. Cheetahs grab
their victims' throats and suffocate their quarry within a few minutes. After
securing their meal, they may drag it to nearby cover. Despite their best
efforts to hide their catches, their kills are often stolen by larger predators
and picked at by hordes of vultures. Lions and hyenas also eat cheetah cubs;
lions and leopards also kill adults.
PAST/PRESENT/FUTURE
Once widespread across arid Africa, into the Middle East and east to
India, the cheetah has suffered dramatic declines over the last century. It now
lives in Africa, and a few may survive in Iran. Hunted for their spotted coats
and because they sometimes attack livestock, they disappeared from many areas.
More recently, widespread habitat destruction has fragmented cheetah habitats,
isolating many populations. In many areas, the cheetah's prey has been
overhunted by people. Scientists have also found that many cheetahs suffer from
genetic defects due to inbreeding, possibly the result of a population
bottleneck—a sharp decline—that occurred perhaps as far back as 10,000 years
ago. Among other things, inbreeding could raise cub mortality, lower cheetahs'
resistance to disease, and cause infertility. An estimated 8,000 to 10,000 wild
cheetahs survive. Cheetah strongholds, where possible, must be connected to
allow genetic interchange if this species is to survive. Also, conflict between
cheetahs and humans needs to be moderated. For example, in Namibia, ranchers
may legally shoot cheetahs that prey on livestock.
FUN FACTS
A sprinting cheetah can reach 45 miles per hour within 2.5 seconds. Top
speed—up to 64 miles per hour—can only be briefly sustained.
In the 16th century, emperors and other royalty hunted gazelles with
trained cheetahs.
Source: http://nationalzoo.si.edu
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Time Travel
Time travel faster in the sky.
The denser the gravitational field, the slower the passage of time. That means that a second at lower altitudes (like at sea level) is actually nanoseconds longer than a second at higher altitudes (like in an airplane).
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Your brain is to blame !
Brain imaging studies have shown that our perception of time stretches backwards when our eyes shift from one point to another. Our brains "fill in the gap," creating the illusion of an elongated second.
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Muphry's Law
Coined
by John Bangsund in The Society of Editors Newsletter, 1992
"Muphry's Law is the editorial application of the better-known
Murphy's Law. Muphry's Law dictates that
(a) if you write anything criticizing editing or proofreading, there will be a
fault of some kind in what you have written;
(b) if an author thanks you in a book for your editing or proofreading, there
will be mistakes in the book;
(c) the stronger the sentiment expressed in (a) and (b), the greater the fault;
(d) any book devoted to editing or style will be internally inconsistent."
(John Bangsund, "Muphry's Law." Society of Editors Newsletter,
Mar. 1992)
Amazing facts about Ants
Amazing facts about Ants
Some ants can support up to 100x their own weight upside down on glass.
The largest ant colony ever found was over 6000 Km or 3750 miles wide.
Ants are the longest living of all insects, living for up to 30 years.
One ant species owns the record for the fastest movement within the animal kingdom.
There are over 12,000, known different species of ants.
The ant is one of the worlds’ strongest creature in relation to its size.
One ant species is the most venomous insect in the world.
Dozens of colonies of the worlds smallest ant could live in the brain case of the worlds largest ant.
Ants move an estimated 50 tons of soil per year in one square mile.
Fire ants cause an estimated $5 billion worth of damage in North America per year.
All worker, soldier and queen ants are female.
Some ant species are asexual, they clone themselves and do not require any males.
Ants and humans are the only creatures that farm other creatures.
Ants have two stomachs, one to hold food for themselves, and one for others.
Some ant species make slaves out of another ant species.
Ants can be found on every continent accept "Antarctica"
Some ants can swim.
Most ants can survive around 24 hours underwater.
Some ants have no eyes.
Some wingless ants can perform a controlled glide when free falling.
Ants sleep frequently and are often quite lazy.
In many parts of the world, ants are eaten by humans as a delicacy.
Ants worst enemies are not us, but other ants.
(Source: antark.net)
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All about Safety Matches.
Invention of Safety
matches
The Swedish chemist
and inventor Gustav Erik Pasch, invented the safety match in 1844, but it was
not a big hit until the brothers Lundström in Jönköping developed it.
Swedish professor of
chemistry, Gustaf Erik Pasch (1788-1862) invented the safety match in 1844. He
was born in Norrköping and was studying medicine when he met the famous
chemist, Jöns Jacob Berzelius. Pasch abandoned medicine and took up chemistry
instead, under Berzelius’ guidance.
Sweden´s oldest match
factory
In 1841, Pasch became
joint owner in J.S. Bagge & Co.’s chemical factory for tinderboxes in
Stockholm. The company had been established in 1836 and was the first match
factory in Sweden. Here various types of matches were manufactured, modelled on
foreign designs, along with Eau de Cologne, varnish and razor strops.
Red phosphorus
At the beginning of
the 19th century, many countries experimented with a wide variety of lighting
devices, mainly matches containing white phosphorus, which was poisonous. While
he was at Bagge, Pasch came up with his ingenious idea of separating the
phosphorus from the match head and applying it in a non-poisonous and less
inflammable form (red phosphorus) on a special striking surface. Pasch took out
a patent on his invention and, in October 1844, the first matches were made,
but they were not a success. The matches were too expensive and the striking
surface aged too quickly. Bagges factory was closed down in 1848 and the safety
match was forgotten. The patent expired.
Jönköping, the match
city
In 1845, two brothers,
Johan Edvard and Carl Frans Lundström started the production of phosphorus
matches in Jönköping. Three years later, they built Jönköping’s first match factory.
It was Johan Edvard
Lundström, known as the father of industrial match production, who improved
Pasch’s invention and was granted a patent for it. He presented the safety
match as an innovation at the Paris Exhibition in 1855. The matches were in a
specially designed sliding box with striking surfaces on the long sides of the
box. The safety match was awarded a silver medal and people became interested
in it.
The safety match
conquers the world
The breakthrough for
the safety match finally came when the young mechanic, Alexander Lagerman, was
employed in 1870. He had constructed the first automatic match machine as early
as 1864 and, during the following decades, he developed it until mechanisation
was complete. This meant that the safety match became a high quality mass
product at a low price.
Source: Tobaks &
Tandsticks Museum
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NORTHERN LIGHTS
The bright dancing
lights of the aurora are actually collisions between electrically charged
particles from the sun that enter the earth's atmosphere. The lights are seen
above the magnetic poles of the northern and southern hemispheres. They are
known as 'Aurora borealis' in the north and 'Aurora australis' in the south..
Auroral displays appear in many colours although pale green and pink are the
most common. Shades of red, yellow, green, blue, and violet have been reported.
The lights appear in many forms from patches or scattered clouds of light to
streamers, arcs, rippling curtains or shooting rays that light up the sky with
an eerie glow.
The Northern Lights
are actually the result of collisions between gaseous particles in the Earth's
atmosphere with charged particles released from the sun's atmosphere.
Variations in colour are due to the type of gas particles that are colliding.
The most common auroral color, a pale yellowish-green, is produced by oxygen
molecules located about 60 miles above the earth. Rare, all-red auroras are
produced by high-altitude oxygen, at heights of up to 200 miles. Nitrogen
produces blue or purplish-red aurora.
Northern Lights can be seen in the northern or southern hemisphere, in an irregularly shaped oval centred over each magnetic pole. The lights are known as 'Aurora borealis' in the north and 'Aurora australis' in the south. Scientists have learned that in most instances northern and southern auroras are mirror-like images that occur at the same time, with similar shapes and colors.
Because the phenomena occur near the magnetic poles, northern lights have been seen as far south as New Orleans in the western hemisphere, while similar locations in the east never experience the mysterious lights. However the best places to watch the lights (in North America) are in the northwestern parts of Canada, particularly the Yukon, Nunavut, Northwest Territories and Alaska. Auroral displays can also be seen over the southern tip of Greenland and Iceland, the northern coast of Norway and over the coastal waters north of Siberia.
Northern Lights can be seen in the northern or southern hemisphere, in an irregularly shaped oval centred over each magnetic pole. The lights are known as 'Aurora borealis' in the north and 'Aurora australis' in the south. Scientists have learned that in most instances northern and southern auroras are mirror-like images that occur at the same time, with similar shapes and colors.
Because the phenomena occur near the magnetic poles, northern lights have been seen as far south as New Orleans in the western hemisphere, while similar locations in the east never experience the mysterious lights. However the best places to watch the lights (in North America) are in the northwestern parts of Canada, particularly the Yukon, Nunavut, Northwest Territories and Alaska. Auroral displays can also be seen over the southern tip of Greenland and Iceland, the northern coast of Norway and over the coastal waters north of Siberia.
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