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Scientists use brain imaging to reveal the movies in our mind
BERKELEY
— Imagine tapping into the mind of a
coma patient, or watching one’s own dream on YouTube. With a cutting-edge blend
of brain imaging and computer simulation, scientists at the University of
California, Berkeley, are bringing these futuristic scenarios within reach.
Using
functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and computational models, UC
Berkeley researchers have succeeded in decoding and reconstructing people’s
dynamic visual experiences – in this case, watching Hollywood movie trailers.As
yet, the technology can only reconstruct movie clips people have already
viewed. However, the breakthrough paves the way for reproducing the movies
inside our heads that no one else sees, such as dreams and memories, according
to researchers. The approximate reconstruction (right) of a movie clip
(left) is achieved through brain imaging and computer simulation“This is a major leap toward reconstructing internal imagery,” said Professor Jack Gallant, a UC Berkeley neuroscientist and coauthor of the study published online in the journal Current Biology. “We are opening a window into the movies in our minds.”Eventually, practical applications of the technology could include a better understanding of what goes on in the minds of people who cannot communicate verbally, such as stroke victims, coma patients and people with neurodegenerative diseases.It may also lay the groundwork for brain-machine interface so that people with cerebral palsy or paralysis, for example, can guide computers with their minds.
However,
researchers point out that the technology is decades from allowing users to
read others’ thoughts and intentions, as portrayed in such sci-fi classics as
“Brainstorm,” in which scientists recorded a person’s sensations so that others
could experience them.
Previously,
Gallant and fellow researchers recorded brain activity in the visual cortex
while a subject viewed black-and-white photographs. They then built a
computational model that enabled them to predict with overwhelming accuracy
which picture the subject was looking at.In their latest experiment, researchers
say they have solved a much more difficult problem by actually decoding brain
signals generated by moving pictures.
“Our
natural visual experience is like watching a movie,” said Shinji Nishimoto,
lead author of the study and a post-doctoral researcher in Gallant’s lab. “In
order for this technology to have wide applicability, we must understand how
the brain processes these dynamic visual experiences.”
Mysterious UFO spotted on India-China border by Indian Army troops
There have been over 100 sightings of UFOs along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in the last several months but this sighting has come after some time-gap, they said. Asked about the UFO sightings by the Army troops in Ladakh sector, Defence Minister A K Antony had told Parliament that there is no conclusive proof of sighting of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) over the Sino-Indian border. The UFO sighting on August 4 comes after reports suggested that a top-level science research institute had found that the UFOs were actually planets Jupiter and Venus, which are clearly visible from the high altitude and thin atmosphere terrain of Ladakh.
The reports said that the research institute had found out that the Army troops deployed in the area had mistaken the two planets as UFOs. However, it is not clear whether the conclusion arrived at by the research institute has been accepted by the Army and Government or not. Last year, the 14 Corps, which looks after military deployment along Kargil-Leh and the frontiers with China, had sent reports to the Army Headquarters about the sightings of UFOs by an ITBP unit in Thakung near the Pangong Tso Lake.
Reports suggested that these yellowish spheres appear to lift off from the horizon on the Chinese side and slowly traverse the sky for three to five hours before disappearing. The officials had confirmed that these UFOs were not Chinese drones or satellites.
Human Body Facts
Read some fun human body facts for kids and find out more about bones, skeletons, eyes, blood, muscles, the brain, heart and much more.
The brain uses over a quarter of the oxygen used by the human body.
Your heart beats around 100000 times a day, 36500000 times a year and over a billion times if you live beyond 30.
Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body. They are created inside the bone marrow of your bones.
The colour of a humans skin is determined by the level of pigment melanin that the body produces.
Those with small amounts of melanin have light skin while those with large amounts have dark skin.
Adult lungs have a surface area of around 70 square metres!
Humans have a stage of sleep that features rapid eye movement (REM). REM sleep makes up around 25% of total sleep time and is often when you have your most vivid dreams.
The smallest bone found in the human body is located in the middle ear. The staples (or stirrup) bone is only 2.8 millimetres long.
Your nose and ears continue growing throughout your entire life.
Infants blink only once or twice a minute while adults average around 10.
As well as having unique fingerprints, humans also have unique tongue prints.
The left side of your body is controlled by the right side of your brain while the right side of your body is controlled by the left side of your brain.
Antibiotics are only effective against bacteria, they won't help in fighting off a virus.
It takes the body around 12 hours to completely digest eaten food.
Your sense of smell is around 10000 times more sensitive than your sense of taste.
The brain uses over a quarter of the oxygen used by the human body.
Your heart beats around 100000 times a day, 36500000 times a year and over a billion times if you live beyond 30.
Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body. They are created inside the bone marrow of your bones.
The colour of a humans skin is determined by the level of pigment melanin that the body produces.
Those with small amounts of melanin have light skin while those with large amounts have dark skin.
Adult lungs have a surface area of around 70 square metres!
Humans have a stage of sleep that features rapid eye movement (REM). REM sleep makes up around 25% of total sleep time and is often when you have your most vivid dreams.
The smallest bone found in the human body is located in the middle ear. The staples (or stirrup) bone is only 2.8 millimetres long.
Your nose and ears continue growing throughout your entire life.
Infants blink only once or twice a minute while adults average around 10.
As well as having unique fingerprints, humans also have unique tongue prints.
The left side of your body is controlled by the right side of your brain while the right side of your body is controlled by the left side of your brain.
Antibiotics are only effective against bacteria, they won't help in fighting off a virus.
It takes the body around 12 hours to completely digest eaten food.
Your sense of smell is around 10000 times more sensitive than your sense of taste.
Latest Trends in e-Learning!
Elearning is
constantly evolving, and so are its uses in both academia and the corporate
world. Looking at the trends of elearning provides useful insight into what is
working and what is not. Every year, Elearning Magazine administers a survey to
their readers asking for their input into some of the more key areas of
elearning. Their study has shown that over the past year, the most important
training programs are as follows:
Compliance
Product
Training
Professional/Industry
Training
Desktop/IT
Training
Number one
doesn’t surprise me much as it is often the easiest to create elearning for
(and ultimately the most cost effective given that they are pretty change
adverse). There is still very much a need for compliance training to be
developed as some organization still rely on dated methods. I would estimate
that professional/industry training begins to gain some ground though as more
people are looking for certifications through distance learning.
Another part
that I found interesting from their survey is that respondents indicated that they plan to
invest nearly 240% more into elearning in 2013. This was a similar pattern
found in the previous year’s report, and the data is backing it up as a
reported $1.46 million was spent in 2011 compared to the $3.5 million spent in
2012.
I’m going to
make a guess that we’ll see somewhere in the realm of $4.1 million in 2013.
This is merely speculation though as I anticipate the mobile learning industry
will drive much of the continuing growth. New technologies and specifications
(such as TinCan API) are leading the charge, giving the rise to a boatload of
startups all over the world.
As many
instructional designers and elearning professionals know, this industry is
growing every year, it’s really starting to turn heads. The likes of Google are
now entering the elearning industry, and I wouldn’t be surprised to see others
follow, and the overall demand for skilled instructional designers and
technologists to grow. Exciting times we live in!
Interesting Rain Facts !
- Rain falls from clouds in the sky in the form of water droplets, this is called precipitation.
- Water can also fall from the sky in the form of hail, sleet or snow.
- Rain is an important part of the water cycle. Learn how it works with our page explaining the water cycle for kids.
- Rain occurs on other planets in our Solar System but it is different to the rain we experience here on Earth. For example, rain on Venus is made of sulfuric acid and due to the intense heat it evaporates before it even reaches the surface!
- Weather radar is used to detect and monitor rain.
- Rain gauges are use to measure the amount of rain over a certain period of time. Try making your own rain gauge.
- The highest amount of rainfall ever recorded in 24 hours is 182.5 centimeters (71.9 inches) in Foc-Foc, La Reunion. This occurred during tropical cyclone Denise on January 8, 1966.
- The highest amount of rainfall ever recorded in one year is 25.4 meters (1000 inches) in Cherrapunji, India.
- Antarctica is the driest continent on Earth.
- Heavy rain can cause flooding and landslides.
- Rain allows us to create electricity through hydro-power.
- Plants need water in order to survive, they receive much of this water from rain.
- Forests that experience high levels of rainfall are called rain-forests.
- Rain with high levels of acid (a low pH) is called acid rain. Caused by the release of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the air (often from factories and power stations), it can be harmful to plants and animals
How is Electricity Generated From Water
There are
two primary methods for generating electricity from water. One method uses the
energy potential of trapped water in dams in a more sophisticated version of
the water wheel, and the other captures energy from ocean waves. Electricity
generated from water is entirely renewable, since water is an abundant natural
resource and no water is expended during the electricity generation process.
For this reason, many nations rely heavily on hydroelectric power because they
want to promote sustainable energy production.
When a dam
is used to generate energy, tunnels are installed in the dam when it is built.
These tunnels are lined with turbines which are turned when water flows through
the tunnels. As the turbines turn, they create electricity which can be fed
into the grid or stored. Dam operators can determine the amount of energy
produced by regulating the flow of water; most dams are capable of generating
far more power than they do on a daily basis, which can be useful when there
are problems at other power plants and facilities.
Electricity
generated from water on the ocean is known as wave power or wave energy. This
method of power generation uses changes in the air levels of sealed chambers to
power turbines. These chambers are floated on parts of the ocean with high wave
activity, ensuring that a great deal of electric energy can be produced. Not
all areas of the ocean are suitable for the generation of wave power, but some
seaside communities have taken advantage of the technology to power themselves.
Electricity
generation is a major concern for much of the world, since demand is only
rising with the growing human population. The benefit of electricity generated
from water is that once generation facilities are built, it is easy to maintain
and operate them. Electricity generated from water is also clean, since it
doesn't involve the burning of fossil fuels to generate power. People can also
generate hydroelectric power themselves, if they have access to a fast-moving
body of water so that they can install waterwheels.
There are
some drawbacks to electricity generated from water. Dams, for example, can be
quite destructive when they are installed, as water will flood the regions
behind dams. This has been a cause for controversy in the past, especially when
dams flood valleys used by native peoples for burial and religious ceremonies.
If a dam fails, it also cause catastrophic flooding, and people downstream of a
dam tend to experience a reduction in available water after it has been
installed. Concerns have also been raised about wave power, since it can be
quite noisy and it may prove damaging to marine life.
Interesting facts you didn't know about the Internet.
- Most famous social networking website Facebook founded by Mark Zuckerberg has more than 1,110 millions registered user as of March 31 2013. I hardly know anyone who does not have Facebook account.
- A news website contains as much information as a person of the 18th century could learn. According to the researcher Marting Gilbert from university of Southern California, 18th century person could master no more than 50 books in a lifetime. Whereas today, an average person is able to absorb the information stored in 600 000 books.
- Hong Kong is the world’s fastest internet place. It has blazing fast internet, an average peak speed of 54.1 megabits per seconds. At this speed you can download HD movie in about 4 minutes.
- Search engine giant Google can handle 35 billion queries in a month.
- Every 8th couple of today met online through internet.
- The first electronic smiley appeared in 1979 when Kevin McKenzie tried expressing his emotion by electronic means. The very first electronic look like -) then 3 years later Scott Fahlman added colon “:)-” and it looks we use to watch it now a days.
- Today 81% of emails are spam.
- For the year 2012, China accounted for 41% of the world’s attack traffic during the fourth quarter of 2012 making China top source of cyber assaults.
- United States is the largest country on Facebook, India standing 3rd. Croatia is the fastest growing Facebook country over past week.
- All Internet is 4 Exabyte’s of information. By the way, 1 Exabyte = 1000 petabytes; 1 petabyte = 1000 terabytes; 1 terabyte = 1000 gigabytes. Each year, this amount is doubled.
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Top benefits of Online Education !
In the past decade, online education has significantly increased in popularity among students of all ages. This is mainly because taking courses at online schools and universities offers clear benefits over taking courses at conventional educational facilities. Here are some of the top benefits of online education.1. First off, students are given the opportunity to choose from various schools, programs and courses which are not available in the area where they live in. This is especially beneficial for those who live in rural areas that only have one or two educational facilities, which most of the time, offer limited course and program options for students.
2. Another benefit of taking online courses, and probably the most popular one, would be that it offers flexibility to students. Because they can attend classes and courses whenever and wherever there is a computer and access to the internet, they can easily plan out a schedule that would work for them. Because of the flexibility offered by online learning, not only undergraduate students, but also individuals who already have full-time jobs or other commitments are able to take supplementary courses and even earn their college degrees online.
3. Online learning allows a more student-centered teaching approach. Because every student has his or her way of learning that works for them, getting an online education may help in ensuring that each lesson or material is completely understood before moving on to the next, which in turn, could result to better learning.
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